复数名词的误用初三英语上册知识点

时间:2024-10-12 11:52 初中教育知识

复数名词的误用初三英语上册知识点

上学的时候,大家都没少背知识点吧?知识点有时候特指教科书上或考试的知识。相信很多人都在为知识点发愁,下面是小编精心整理的复数名词的误用初三英语上册知识点,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

【复数名词的误用知识点】

一、可数名词与不可数名词的混淆

1. 误把不可数名词当成可数名词用复数形式。

例如:I have some advices for you.(错误)

正确的是:I have some advice for you.(advice 是不可数名词,不能加 s)。

2. 误把可数名词当成不可数名词,未用复数形式。

例如:There is much furnitures in the room.(错误)

正确的是:There is much furniture in the room.(furniture 是不可数名词)或者There are many pieces of furniture in the room.(用可数的“piece”来表示数量,furniture 用原形)。

二、复数形式的变化错误

1. 规则变化错误:

例如:childs are playing in the park.(错误)

正确的是:Children are playing in the park.(child 的复数是 children)。

再如:womans are beautiful.(错误)

正确的是:Women are beautiful.(woman 的复数是 women)。

2. 不规则变化记忆错误:

例如:mouses are running around.(错误)

正确的是:Mice are running around.(mouse 的复数是 mice)。

三、主谓不一致

1. 主语是复数名词,谓语动词却用了第三人称单数形式。

例如:The peoples in my hometown is very friendly.(错误)

正确的是:The people in my hometown are very friendly.(people 作“人们”讲时是复数概念,谓语动词用 are)。

2. 反之,主语是单数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词却用了复数形式。

例如:The news are very important.(错误)

正确的是:The news is very important.(news 是不可数名词,谓语动词用 is)。

四、修饰语错误

1. 用了只能修饰单数名词的词来修饰复数名词。

例如:This is a beautiful pair of shoe.(错误,如果想表达“这是一双漂亮的鞋”,shoe 要用复数 shoes)

正确的是:This is a beautiful pair of shoes.。

再如:each book(正确),但each books(错误),因为 each 后接单数名词。

2. 用了只能修饰复数名词的词来修饰单数名词或不可数名词。

例如:many water(错误)

正确的是:much water(water 是不可数名词,用 much 修饰)或many bottles of water(用可数的“bottle”来体现数量,用 many 修饰 bottles)。

五、固定搭配错误

1. 一些固定搭配中名词的单复数用错。

例如:a lot of peoples(错误)

正确的是:a lot of people(a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词,但 people 本身就是复数概念,不能加 s)。

再如:a pair of trouser(错误)

正确的是:a pair of trousers(trouser 常用复数形式 trousers,与 a pair of 搭配)。

【英语名词的区分】

英语名词分可数的和不可数两种。可数名词指一般动物和事物,如“Man/ friend/ driver/ student/ dog/ cat/ boat/ egg/ gun/ hand/ head/ lamp/ road/ table/ car ”等等。

可数名词有两个数,即单数和复数。单数名词可以和不定冠词“ a/ an”或其他名词限定词(determiners)连用;复数名词可以和数目词,如“many/ a few/ some/ a lot of”等连用。

不可数名词指物质名词(material nouns)和抽象名词( abstract nouns),如:“air/ butter/ grass/ money/ sand/ water/ carefulness/ joy/ peace”等等。不可数名词可以和数量词,如“much/ a little/ little/ a great amount of”等连用。不可数名词只有单数,没有复数“-s”的形式。

有些人对名词数的概念不很清楚,对数目词(expressions of number)和数量词(expressions of quantity)也有些混乱,结果把数目词用在不可数名词之前或随意在不可数名词后面加上复数词尾 “-s”,这些都是语法上的错误。例如:

① Our workshop has ordered some new equipments from Germany.

虽然有些人把 equipment(配备)当成可数名词,但是它是不可数的,不可有“-s”。

② My teacher gave me some sound advices. 应该是“advice”。

③ Do you have any special informations for me? “Information”才对。

④ Most furnitures in my house are made of wood. 应该是“furniture……is……”

⑤ Today, I have many new works to do. 必须是“a lot of new work”才是。

⑥ Dont walk on the grasses. 应该用“grass”。

⑦ Our foreign students have made great progresses in their studies. “Progress”(进步)不可数;不可有“-es”。

⑧ All his money are kept in the bank. “Money”(金钱)属不可数名词;动词要单数的“is”。

上述这类有关不可数名词的错误,极为普遍;只要看看学生的作文,便知道了。

既然如此,要怎样避免这种错误呢?

首先,必须牢记不可数名词绝对没有复数形式。其次,随时准备些数量词,如“much/ little/ some/ a little/ a lot of/ plenty of”等,以便在必要时和不可数名词连用。最后,谨记:谓语动词必须和主语的数目一致。既然不可数名词没有复数形式,那么谓语动词若是简单现在时态(simple present tense),现在进行时态( present continuous tense)或现在完成时态(present perfect tense)的话,就必须以单数形式出现。例如:

⑨ Bread is sold in coffee shops and supermarkets.

⑩ His luggage is somewhere at the railway station.

1. Some money is being used to help the poor.

2. The information required includes personal particulars and the present salary.

3. A lot of time has been spent on this project.

4. Hypocrisy gives rise to mistrust.

5. Familiarity breeds contempt.

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